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“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade,” wrote Frieder R. Lang, a professor at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.
Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.
“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施),” the authors wrote.
Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.
The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions. Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.
However, the researchers said a pattern was clear. “We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic,” the authors concluded.
67. According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?
A. Optimistic adults. B. Middle-aged adults.
C. Adults in poor health. D. Adults of lower income.
68. Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people ______.
A. to fully enjoy their present life
B. to estimate their contribution accurately
C. to take measures against potential risks
D. to value health more highly than wealth
69. How do people of higher income see their future?
A. They will earn less money.
B. They will become pessimistic.
C. They will suffer mental illness.
D. They will have less time to enjoy life.
70. What is the clear conclusion of the study?
A. Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.
B. Good financial condition leads to good health.
C. Medical treatment determines health outcomes.
D. Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.
第四部分：书面表达(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：完成句子(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。
例：______ was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. (delight)
令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。
答案：What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted
71. Knowing ______ reduces the risks of failure and it works like an insurance policy for your own ability. (do)
知道你正在干什么，能降低失败的风险，这就像给自己的能力买了份保险。
72. Not ______ my parents, I failed to go to a drama school, where my interest lay. (persuade)
由于没有说服我父母，我没能上戏剧学校，而那才是我的兴趣所在。
73. The chief engineer together with his colleagues ______ new scientific methods of farming since five years ago. (look)
五年以来，总工程师和他的同事们一起一直在寻找新的科学农耕方法。
74. When I work on the farmland in the daytime, I always __________ to a tree on the riverbank. (keep)
白天干农活的时候，我总是把羊拴在河边的树上。
75. As time is pressing, I think __________ is the best way to get from here to the conference centre. (take)
由于时间紧迫，我认为从这里去会议中心最好的办法是乘出租车。
76. So fast ______ that we can hardly imagine its speed. (travel)
光传播的速度快到我们难以想象。
77. Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers, two ______ me greatly. (influence)
上学时我遇到过很多老师，其中两位对我影响很大。
78. I don’t often lose things, so I was quite surprised ___________ my wallet and found it wasn’t there. (reach)
我不常丢东西，所以当我拿钱包却发现钱包不在时，大吃一惊。
79. It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines ______ in Wuhan. (build)
据报纸报道，武汉正在建设几条新的地铁线路。
80. Most believe he _______ for England last week, but for a serious injury which put him out of football. (play)
多数人认为，要不是受了重伤而告别足球，上周他本会为英格兰踢球的。
第二节：短文写作(共1题;满分30分)
请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。
We all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”, but we should also be aware that words can hurt people, too.
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